Casos Clínicos Gastroenterologia: – Caso Clínico 001: Pancreatite calcificada associada ao uso excessivo de álcool (Calcific pancreatitis associated with alcohol use)

 

¨Um homem de 50 anos apresentou-se ao serviço de emergência com início súbito de hematêmese. Ele relatou uma história de 2 meses de dor epigástrica e diarréia fétida. Ele tinha bebido meio litro de vodka por dia durante 15 anos. O exame físico revelou sensibilidade epigástrica. Os resultados dos testes laboratoriais, incluindo lipase sérica e testes de função hepática, estavam dentro dos limites normais. A tomografia computadorizada do abdome mostrou extensa calcificação do pâncreas sem evidência de edema pancreático ou coleta de líquido peripancreático, achados consistentes com pancreatite calcificada crônica. A endoscopia revelou úlceras gástricas, que foram tratadas com supressão ácida. A pancreatite crônica alcoólica é uma causa comum de calcificação pancreática. O tratamento da pancreatite crônica tipicamente inclui o controle da dor e a correcção da insuficiência pancreática exócrina. Este paciente teve uma recuperação sem intercorrências e foi medicado com suplementos de enzimas pancreáticas e foi matriculado em um programa de reabilitação de abuso de álcool.¨ – Y Sedhai, D Patel, 2017

 

Pontos-Chave:

– A pancreatite crônica tem diversas causas. O álcool nas sociedades ocidentais e a má nutrição mundial são as principais etiologias da pancreatite crônica

 

– Diarréia, esteatorréia e azotorréia ocorrem quando a secreção exócrina das enzimas pancreáticas fica abaixo de !0%. Estes sinais e sintomas surgem, de forma relativamente tardia, durante a evolução da pancreatite crônica. Os sintomas são, em geral, decorrentes da insuficiência pancreática e envolvem má digestão e incapacidade de ganhar peso.

 

– Hemorragia digestiva alta decorrente de ruptura de varizes esofágicas causada  por hipertensão portal segmentar devido a trombose de veia esplênica, pode ocorrer

 

– A interrupção do consumo de álcool diminui a freqüência e a gravidade da dor abdominal na pancreatite crônica de etiologia alcoólica

 

– Diabetes ocorre quando > 80% do pâncreas é lesado.

 

– O tratamento da pancreatite crônica deve ser feito de maneira escalonada. Os analgésicos comuns primeiramente e se necessário pode-se prescrever opiáceos.

 

– As indicações primárias para cirurgia na pancreatite crônica incluem dor intratável, obstrução intestinal ou biliar ou pseudocistos persistentes

 

Calcific pancreatitis associated with alcohol use

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Chronic Pancreatitis

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Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2012, vol 28 (5): 523-531

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3480324/

 

by Dr Paulo Fernando Leite

Cardiologia/Prevenção Cardiovascular

Estratificação de Risco Cardiovascular

Av Contorno 8351 – Conj 01

Belo Horizonte/MG/Brasil

Tel: 31 32919216   2917003   3357229

(- consulta particular –)

CRMMG: 7026

Email: pfleite1873@gmail.com

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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5871380/

 

by Dr Paulo Fernando Leite

Cardiologia/Prevenção Cardiovascular

Estratificação de Risco Cardiovascular

Av Contorno 8351 – Conj 01

Belo Horizonte/MG/Brasil

Tel: 31 32919216   2917003   3357229

(- consulta particular –)

CRMMG: 7026

Email: pfleite1873@gmail.com