Síndrome Neuroléptica Maligna Online (Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome)

¨A Síndrome Neuroléptica Maligna (SNM) é uma das principais complicações do uso de antipsicóticos, relativamente rara, porém potencialmente fatal, podendo levar ao óbito em 10 a 20% dos casos. Esta síndrome é caracterizada pelo desenvolvimento de rigidez muscular grave e hipertermia, associados a pelo menos dois outros sintomas: diaforese, disfagia, tremor, incontinência, confusão mental/coma, mutismo, taquicardia/taquipneia, pressão arterial elevada ou instável, leucocitose; elevação da creationofosfoquinase(CPK). Os fatores de risco para desenvolvimento da SNM incluem: episódio prévio de SNM, desidratação, agitação, ingesta oral pobre, ambientes com temperatura elevada, estresse emocional, umidade e uso concomitante de lítio, agentes anticolinérgicos e alguns antidepressivos. O tratamento desta síndrome inclui suporte clínico, suspensão do antipsicótico ou outro agente causal, e ocasionalmente uso de drogas como agonistas dopaminérgicos (Bromocriptina) e Dantrolene.¨

. ■ Diagnostic, treatment, and system challenge in the management of recurrent neuroleptic malignant syndrome on a general medical services

Verma K, Jayadeva V, Serrano R, Sivashanker K.

Case Rep Psychiatry. 2018 Jun 11;2018:4016087

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6016165/

. ■ A neuroleptic malignant syndrome without rigidity

İlker Özdemir, Erkan Kuru, Yasir Safak, Rıza Gökçer Tulacı

Psychiatry Investig. 2018 Feb; 15(2): 226–229.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5900391/

. ■ Neuroleptic malignant syndrome following reintroduction of an antipsychotic after overdose

T Korchia, G Blackman, M Cermolacce, R Richieri

BMJ Case Reports july- aug 2018

http://casereports.bmj.com/content/2018/bcr-2017-223922.full

. ■ Forced diuresis and expedient blood pressure control in the management of quetiapine induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a case report

Neville Aquilina, Vincent Bugeja

Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2018 Jul 20; 6(7): 1267–1270

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6062291/

. ■ Bitemporal ultra-brief pulse electroconvulsive therapy for the treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in a first psychotic episode: a case report.

Marcolin, Kathy Aleixo et al.

Trends Psychiatry Psychother., Mar 2017, vol.39, no.1, p.62-63

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2237-60892017000100062&lng=en&nrm=iso

. ■ Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in the trauma intensive care unit: diagnosis and management of a rare disease in a challenging population

Joseph David Drews, Andrew Christopher, David Clay Evans

Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci. 2017 Apr-Jun; 7(2): 119–121

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5479074/

. ■ Early detection of an atypical presentation of neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a case report

Brittany Vickery, Lindsy Meadowcraft, Stephen B. Vickery

Ment Health Clin. 2017 May; 7(3): 137–142

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6007570/

. ■ Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: an easily overlooked neurologic emergency

Ramadhan Oruch, Ian F Pryme, Bernt A Engelsen, Anders Lund

Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2017; 13: 161–175

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5248946/

. ■ Neuroleptic malignant syndrome with thyroid disorder: na unusual case report

Fan Zhang, Parisa Kanzali, Vadim Rubin, Chris Paras, Joel Goldman

Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Sep; 96(39): e8191

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5626322/

. ■ Drug information update: atypical antipsychotics and neuroleptic malignant syndrome: nuances and pragmatics of the association

Siddharth Sarkar, Nitin Gupta

BJPsych Bull. 2017 Aug; 41(4): 211–216

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5537576/

. ■ Atypical neuroleptic malignant syndrome associated with use of clozapine

Quevedo-Florez Leonardo, Granada-Romero Juliana, Camargo-Arenas Juan Fernando

Case Rep Emerg Med. 2017; 2017: 217437

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5337851/

. ■ Síndrome neuroléptica maligna em paciente emu so de olanzapina – relato de caso

B Mendonça, G S Mendonça, M Quitete et al

Revista Científica da FMC 2016, vol 11 (1)

http://www.fmc.br/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Rev-Cient-FMC-1-2016-26-29.pdf

. ■ Atypical neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Ann Collins, Drew Davies, Sharmila Menon

BMJ Case Rep. 2016; 2016: bcr201621490

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4932411/

. ■ Second-generation antipsychotics and neuroleptic malignant syndrome: systematic review and case report analysis

Martino Belvederi Murri, Argentina Guaglianone, Michele Bugliani et al

Drugs R D. 2015 Mar; 15(1): 45–62

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4359181/

. ■ Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a review from a clinically oriented perspective

L Tse, A M Barr, V Scarapicchia, F Vila-Rodriguez

Curr Neuropharmacol 2015, vol 13 (3): 395-406

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4812801/

. ■ A rare case of neuroleptic malignant syndrome withut elevated serum creatine kinase

Koichi Nisijima, Katutoshi Shioda

Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2014; 10: 403–407

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3938441/

. ■ Serotonin syndrome versus neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a challenging clinical quandary

Rupal Dosi, Annirudh Ambaliya, Harshal Joshi, Rushad Patell

BMJ Case Rep. 2014; 2014: bcr2014204154

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4069678/

. ■ Delirium followed by neuroleptic malignant syndrome in rehabilitation setting. Is it anger reaction before discharge?

Rafat M Al Owesie, Asirvatham Alwin Robert

Pan Afr Med J. 2013; 15: 26

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3758850/

. ■ Antipsychotic dose escalation as a trigger for neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS): literature review and case series report

Julie Langan, Daniel Martin, Polash Shajahan, Daniel J Smith

BMC Psychiatry. 2012; 12: 214.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3546951/

. ■ Catatonía periódica o síndrome neuroléptico maligno: claves para un reto diagnóstico.

Sánchez García, Javier, Rezende Borges, Livia de and Vera López, Ignacio

Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiq., Set 2012, vol.32, no.115, p.597-60

http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0211-57352012000300010&lng=es&nrm=iso

. ■ Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

Moscovich, Mariana et al.

Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr., Oct 2011, vol.69, no.5, p.751-755

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2011000600005&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en

. ■ Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a neuroimmunologic hypothesis

Rebecca E. Anglin, Patricia I. Rosebush, Michael F. Mazurek

CMAJ. 2010 Dec 14; 182(18): E834–E838

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3001529/

. ■ Neuroleptic malignant syndrome in children and adolescents on atypical antipsychotic medication: a review

Rachel Neuhut, Jean-Pierre Lindenmayer, Raul Silva

J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2009 Aug; 19(4): 415–422

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2861947/

. ■ The problem of atypical neuroleptic malignant syndrome: a case report

Brendan T. Carroll, Susan A. Surber

Psychiatry (Edgmont) 2009 Jul; 6(7): 45–47

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2728938/

. ■ Síndrome neuroléptica maligna de paciente em uso de olanzapina

Medeiros, Fabrício Lins de et al.

bras. psiquiatr., 2008, vol.57, no.2, p.145-147

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0047-20852008000200012&lng=en&nrm=iso

. ■ Neuroleptic malignant syndrome induced by atypical neuroleptics and responsive to lorazepam

Adeeb Yacoub, Andrew Francis

Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2006 Jun; 2(2): 235–240.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2671780/

. ■ Uso de olanzapina e eletroconvulsoterapia em um paciente com esquizofrenia catatônica refratária e antecedentes de síndrome neuroléptica maligna

Alvarenga, Pedro Gomes de and Rigonatti, Sérgio Paulo

Rev. psiquiatr. Rio Gd. Sul, Dez 2005, vol.27, no.3, p.324-327

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-81082005000300012&lng=en&nrm=iso

. ■ Neuroleptic malignant syndrome: diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas

Abebaw Fekadu, Jonathan I. Bisson

Behav Neurol. 2005; 16(1): 9–13

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5478846/

. ■ Síndrome neuroléptico maligno y poliserositis en paciente usuaria de clozapina: una asociación infrecuente

Eymin L, Gonzalo et al.

Rev. méd. Chile, Oct 2005, vol.133, no.10, p.1225-1228

https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0034-98872005001000012&lng=es&nrm=iso

. ■ Síndrome neuroléptico maligno e hiponatremia relacionados con una intoxicación por risperidona